Israel's strikes came soon after the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) passed its first resolution in 2 decades (on June 12, 2025) labeling Iran "non-compliant" with nuclear non-proliferation norms, citing “secret nuclear activities.
Israel launched an unprecedented attack on Iran’s nuclear and military sites. The future of Iran’s program and regional proliferation risks will depend on the success of Israel’s campaign, the international response, and Tehran’s perceived need for nuclear weapons.
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Q5: What does this mean for wider nuclear risks, such as proliferation, and the international nuclear regime?
A5: Iran was testing the global nuclear order for decades with its enrichment to 60 percent, which is well beyond the percentage required for civilian peaceful purposes. It is worth emphasizing that immediately prior to Israel’s strike, the IAEA
stated that Iran was not complying with its nuclear nonproliferation obligations and passed the first resolution against the country in 20 years. Iran had also
announced last week the opening of a new uranium enrichment site. But Iran is not the only country that has been testing the nuclear regime in recent years.