Just spotted this... Pet subject of mine but one I thought wasn't being debated much these days. I'll list the facts before I ramble on about what it all means (sorry if this bores people but it was a real bugbear of mine in the badge talks that people were, put simply, twisting history). Here goes:
1865 St Mark's Church opens
1860s (possibly as early as 1866) St Mark's has cricket matches
1880 St Mark's earliest known 'association' football match is played (but it may not be the actual 'first')
1884 Gorton AFC formed (the photo people wrongly claim is St Mark's with white cross was taken that season; club had undergone other reforming etc before 1884)
1887 Ardwick AFC is formed & turns professional (I.e. Starts paying a player officially; this was more of an evolution of Gorton than 'new' club)
1892 Ardwick AFC joins the League
1894 some involved with Ardwick upset at the club's struggles in 1893-94 decide to form a new club (emphasis on NEW). They create Manchester City. Some leaders at Ardwick decide to keep the club going and Ardwick fulfils it's fixtures. MCFC becomes a registered company and Ardwick plays on AFTER MCFC is a legal entity. Mcfc gets accepted into the League as a NEW club, not Ardwick in disguise. Ardwick's supporters switch to the new club and the club ceases to exist. Most of the Ardwick figures decide to join MCFC but not every player and shareholder switched and when City signed a former Ardwick player it was usually reported as a signing from Ardwick or from 'the old Ardwick' club.
So, what does this mean? In simple terms MCFC was formed in 1894 - no earlier. It's a date we can prove conclusively. Ardwick and everything that went before it is important as MCFC would not exist without it, but none of the earlier dates are MCFC. Part of our story and important, of course.
As I've said so many times 1880 is simply the date we know the church played a football game that we can prove. There may have been earlier games that just didn't get reported or, so far, those reports just haven't been found. I'm still researching that period and am confident they played earlier - it's always struck me as odd that a CofE church in West Gorton played a Baptist Church from Macclesfield as its 'first' game - surely they'd have played another local church or local team first, or they'd have played another CofE church they had a connection with. Regardless of what's been said on occasion, there were teams playing association football closer than Macclesfield (there were games in Fairfield for example in the 1870s and in Longsight). If we claim formation as 1880 we may well have to change it in a couple of years time when a game in 1879, 1878, 1877, or earlier are found. Also, unlike Unitedwho have no proof of football being played by them/Newton Heath before 1880, I think it's important we stick to facts. City is City and we have a date we can conclusively prove. 1880 is important but may well not have been the beginning plus, if course, those who formed MCFC in 1894 claimed it as a new club for practical reasons. If we followed Utd's lead we may as well claim 1868 or whatever St Mark's earliest sporting activity was, but we're better than that.