It's a great test for Pep, tactically, psychologically and intellectually. I'm reading World War 1 stuff at the moment and the similarities to the military leaders is striking. The invention and improvements of the machine gun changed battle tactics forever. You could no longer use your highly trained motivated army to just charge at the opposition and let your superior soldiers prevail. They just got shot down and slaughtered. So the war settled down into a defensive stalemate interspersed with military leaders losing their heads and sending their men to face the machine gun bullets. The bullets always won. Pep needs to evolve and discover new tactics (tanks, aeroplanes, nuclear bombs) to counter the machine gun.