To answer the original question, no... it doesn't matter how strong a telescope is, it can still only register or magnify the light that reaches it. If you could be 300,000 light years away, you would only be able to reassemble the particles of light which managed to make the journey. Which on a solar level is actually quite a bit. Nothing on a planetary level though. Just not a strong enough torch to shine that far.
On a super kickass note though, we might have made the first baby-step breakthrough in traveling light years away. It turns out you just have to stand still and move space instead: <a class="postlink" href="http://io9.com/5963263/how-nasa-will-build-its-very-first-warp-drive" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;">http://io9.com/5963263/how-nasa-will-bu ... warp-drive</a>
Sweet shit.