I don't think Foden should go on loan but none of these arguments really hold up.
There are some very good teams in the Championship who do try and play football like ours. Look at last season. Pep has literally cited Bielsa as one of his biggest influences and called him a genius. Graham Potter last season was playing great football with Swansea as we know, Farke at Norwich, Chris Wilder at Sheffield, Lampard at Derby. Dean Smith at Villa.
Possession and position based football has never been more popular in the Championship, and there are a ton of sides where if we sent a loanee, they'd get coached to play in a way that isn't at odds with Pep. Only West Brom of the play-off sides played football that you'd look at and think its not really where a City midfielder is going to fit.
These sides playing well or coping in the Premier League is completely irrelevant to if they play the kind of football that'd make them a good destination for a loanee as well. Being adventurous and falling short of promotion doesn't make you a bad loan destination compared to a lump it forward club who might scrape better points totals.
Also lastly, the average promoted side actually finishes 15th in the Premier League, they are usually much better than the prevailing wisdom would suggest, and it's normally inexperience, poor decisions above the manager's level and panic which does them in rather than being shit.
Anyway most of that is irrelevant to Foden because he'd not be going to the Championship anyway, if he were to get loaned out in England, it'd be in the Premier League.