Ok for clubs, you need to go to Melkweg and Paradiso, these are both at Leidseplein.
Leidseplein is a square with some smaller clubs and bars of it as well as the big 2 i mentioned.
The 2 main areas are around dam square and Leidseplein, you just need to jump on a tram to go between the 2 or like me take the walk (only 5 mins).
Pro tip, Bars in the center do rip you of something rotten, have a few beers a little further out then walk the 5 mins to the clubs and bars.
Dam square is ok but heavily commercialized, aka busy and not cheap.
If you stay near leidseplein there are a few hostels at a decent rate.
It may take me a bit but i can do you some maps and the like of the best coffee shops some of the main ones are great, but smaller ones a few minutes walk of the main drag have some cracking smoke.
Just reply here or pm me mate, i'll give you the guided virtual tour matey hehe.
Grey Area, is a great but very small yank run place, as said Lemon haze is great, best from here. The main one the big daddy of weeds their is "Amnesia Haze" my lord :)