The Gravity Train
Mathematical considerations
The gravity train has several curious properties.
* All straight-line gravity trains on a given planet take exactly the same amount of time to complete a journey (that is, no matter where on the surface the two endpoints of its trajectory are located). For Earth, this time would equal 2530.30 seconds (nearly 42.2 minutes) if it were a perfect sphere.
* The time of a trip depends only on the density of the planet and the gravitational constant.
* The maximum speed is reached at the middle point of the trajectory. For a train that goes directly through the center of the Earth, this maximum speed is about 7,900 metres per second (28440 km/h).
* The derivation assumes that the mass is distributed homogeneously throughout the earth.
* The shortest time tunnel through a homogeneous earth is a Hypocycloid.
Where k=3 you get...
[bigimg]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Deltoid2.gif[/bigimg]
If k=4
[bigimg]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Hypocycloid-4.svg[/bigimg]
Etc....