pee dubyas crayons said:
Question for Ken the Landlord:
Do you think that all races are identical in physical make-up and attributes? Do you deny the existence of racial tendencies is what Im basically asking you.
Eg the NHS state on their website that people of African descent are more prone to some kinds of diseases, and people of Asian descent are generally intolerant of alcohol causing facial flushing and other symptoms.
Your posts seem to deny the existence of racial differences. Please correct me if I'm wrong and I'll apologise.
If i am understanding you correctly then my answer is,
Answering questions on race is difficult given that most anthropologists regard race as a cultural concept rather than a biological reality. In the biological sciences, the term race has historically been used to describe a distinct population in which all the members share a suite of biological traits. Today, most anthropologists agree that there is no way to divide the world's human population in the cut-and-dry manner that the definition of race traditionally requires.
The make up of individuals that contribute races is so varied, i think it is almost impossible to attach a label to a race. The 0.1% genetic difference that differentiates any two random humans is still the subject of much debate. The discovery that only 8% of this difference separates the major races led some scientists to proclaim that race is biologically meaningless. They argue that since genetic distance increases in a continuous manner any threshold or definitions would be arbitrary. Any two neighboring villages or towns will show some genetic differentiation from each other and thus could be defined as a race. Thus any attempt to classify races would be imposing an artificial discontinuity on what is otherwise a naturally occurring continuous phenomenon. Even Neil Risch a distinguished Professor in Human Genetics and Director of the Institute for Human Genetics and Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at UCSF, has stated "Genome variation research does not support the existence of human races.”
Yes humans have skins that are various in shade, but where does the black man begin and the cape coloured begin? This was used in south Africa and was correctly derided as a nightmare as how on earth can you compartmentalise someone? As for race, how many pure races are left? You would probably have to go to Papua New Guinea or the Amazon basin to find anything resembling a pure race that you could measure to see if differences are applicable.
Using Mourhad Meghni as he was suggested a couple of posts back. He is of Mughrabi descent on his father's side, Portugese on his mother's side. Which is he? I dunno, it aint really relevant as he was born in France and given similar opportunities to anyother French kid. The fact that he worked his bollocks off was probably a bigger influence.
Your examples of broad base diseases amongst general members of the public aren't really relevant in high level sport, i am not ducking the issue, just explaining that in the context of the thread its not a particularly convicing support of evidence. You would expect asthma sufferers to be sparse in sport but David Beckham, Paul Scholes and Paula Ratcliffe, off the top of my head, have done pretty well.
Whilst it is fairly obvious there are some visual differences between races, the attributes required to be an elite sportsman/woman are far less tangible. It becomes very, very difficult to point out precisely what causes a sportsman to dominate a sport or even play at the elite level. If you use scientific methodology to map a person's health who is in the top 100 (irrelevant of race) it is virtually statistically impossible to be able to judge who is who, such is the minimal difference between results.
For example, if you look at the huge Serena Williams and the tiny Justine Henin, you would expect Williams to boom Henin off court. Her record is 8 wins to 6 wins. Henin against the even more imposing Venus Williams is 2 wins to 7 wins. So, maybe size is important. Well no, because the smaller Williams (Serena) is 13 wins to 10 wins against her larger sister.
Using the Williams sisters is a useful point of asking why there are so few black tennis players anyway. There is nothing physically to stop any race from competing on a level playing field. Here subsections of influence would come into play. How many blacks would want to be tennis players? How many have the opportunity, that the middle class Williams sisters and golfer Tiger Woods have had? How many golf courses and tennis courts are in Compton east LA, however, that in itself is lazy racism, as how many blacks as a percent live in those type of housing arrangements.
To a lesser degree the environment you live in plays a role, someone mentioned earlier the lack of world class footballing eskimos. Difficult to practice in -20C.
Coming back to the issue of body size, i used with the tennis. Power is never going to be everything in any sport anyway. Sport is far too complex for that, particularly if you are in a team game. If you are in an individual sport, and subsequently have more influence over your own performance and the result, which are the overiding aspects that govern closed loop skill sports and open loop skill sports anyway?
This is a massive area of research in sport, whilst some research is little more than causal racism a lot of it is trying to carefully tease the relevant processes that could shape a top athlete, for example, that elusive cracking of the genetic code. Can we really isolate one gene that can make an athlete invincible, bearing in mind we only have the Human chromosome 2, which is a fusion between two chromosomes that keeps us separate from other primates.
The most we can hope for is that we could identify potential. That is all a coach can do anyway, as ultimately, if you cant be arsed, you wont win anything anyway.