Ukraine continues to hammer Russian oil refineries and they seem powerless to stop drones hitting key production targets- the vital cracking plants that simply can’t be replaced in any reasonable space of time. So many have been destroyed world wide production would struggle to replace them in anything but the long term. The Russians have little chance of making such repairs in less than a year, likely much longer. These attacks are having a huge impact on Russian refined output. It’s forcing them to stop exporting refined product and restrict it domestically. The damage runs into billions. It’s a strategy as damaging economically as you could ever hope. And it slowly brings it home to your average Ruski.
The Ukrainians said to the rest of the world “if you won’t put up effective sanctions, we’ll just cripple their oil industry ourselves.”