ChatGPT works by predicting the next word in a sentence based on patterns it has learned from a huge amount of text. It doesn’t understand language like humans do. When you ask it a question or give it a prompt, it doesn't think or comprehend what you're saying—it just uses probability to guess what comes next. The model has seen millions of examples of sentences and conversations, so it gets very good at guessing what the most likely response should look like. But at its core, it’s just matching patterns, not forming ideas or truly understanding meaning. It doesn’t know what anything actually means, even if it sounds like it does.
ChatGPT has no understanding because it doesn’t know what words actually mean—it just recognises patterns in text. When you send it a message, it doesn’t “read” it the way a person would. It doesn’t know what your words refer to in the real world. It doesn’t form thoughts, beliefs, or emotions. It doesn’t know if something is true, false, kind, or cruel. It simply breaks down the input into pieces and uses maths to predict the most likely next piece in the reply.
It may sound intelligent, but that's only because it copies how humans write and speak. Underneath, it has no awareness of context beyond the words you give it, and it doesn’t reflect or understand anything it says back to you. It’s just a machine following statistical rules, not a mind that grasps meaning.
Words in ChatGPT are chosen through probability. When you type something, the model looks at all the words you've written so far and tries to guess what word is most likely to come next. It does this using patterns it has learned from huge amounts of text during training. Every word is given a score, and the model picks the one with the highest score—or sometimes a slightly lower one to make it sound more natural.
It doesn’t choose based on meaning or intent. It doesn’t think about what would be a “good” or “correct” response. It just follows the maths of what usually comes next in similar sentences it saw during training. So even though the reply may seem thoughtful, it’s just a result of statistics, not understanding.
It’s impossible for ChatGPT to make an “error” in the way a human does because it has no goals, understanding, or intent. It doesn’t know what is true or false, right or wrong. It only follows patterns based on probability. If it gives a wrong answer, it’s not because it misunderstood—it’s because the patterns it learned led to a reply that doesn’t match reality.
Since it’s just predicting the most likely next word based on data, it can’t “realise” it made a mistake. Mistakes only exist from a human point of view, when the reply doesn’t match facts or expectations. But the model itself is doing exactly what it was designed to do—predict the next word. So technically, it never fails at its task, even if the result is factually wrong.