So after your inaccurate knowledge over pensions, lets have a little look at this:
"My employer pays ME to do work for them. They give ME the money. The government does not have any of its own money, only money it takes off working people like me. They take money that my employer pays ME and grab some of it for themselves. It does not become THEIR money when they do that. It is OUR money, that they are using to fund XYZ."
Not strictly, or even remotely correct. HMG (the Govt) does indeed have it's own money. It basically owns the BoE and the BoE is tasked with making sure HMG doesn't go broke. HMG decides what's it's going to spend it's money on. It doesn't wait for Chippy to decide to pay his tax. It spends money provided to it by the BoE and then uses tax intake to pay off some of the debt it has generated. One of the benefits of having our own currency is that HMG can't go bust, as it has the ability to print more money when needed, hopefully for investment and in a non-inflationary manner. This is basically what Quantative Easing was. It printed money, gave it to the banks and consequently the banks then leant it out at a significant premium compared to the rock bottom interest rates we had at that time. Effectively money is loaned into the economy and some of it taken back immediately in the form of tax.
It's an easy trap to fall into, and I would have agreed with you on the mechanism of taxation a few months ago. But reading a book called The Deficit Myth lays out a compelling path as to how the economy really works. It doesn't suit all political views, but as someone who's voted Red, Blue and Yellow and worked in both public and private industry, it make utmost sense. What you mustn't be is entrenched to see the logic in the arguments made.