Batteries exist. Massive ones capable of storing a huge amount of energy that can (and is) later used when the renewable source output drops. The technology isn't quite there yet at scale but it's improved 10 fold in the last 20 years. Renewables are the future either way. Also worth noting that capacity spikes are an acceptable risk on the National Grid. Even before the days of renewables, at half time in a big England game when people used to all go and switch the kettle on at the same time then we borrowed capacity from the European/French grids in order to avoid brownouts. We still do aswell, we've just built a second massive interconnector that will double the capacity exchange between the UK and France. Pretty much all energy networks (outside Texas) tend to send each other energy when they need it.
People think that there is a competition in renewable energy and Green Tech between all these different nations. There is no competition. China won that competition before the Americans even worked out that there in a technological race. There are more Green Tech billionaire entrepreneurs in China than in any other country in the world. They have massive capacity in renewables and are constantly funding them and building them.
China, not being a dogmatic country though, also understands that renewables are a medium term solution that will catapult them into the world's leading economic power. But that in order to industrialise and modernise some of the poorer parts of its incredibly humongously large country, it needs energy now. China isn't mass building coal plants because it doesn't care about renewables, it's building coal plants because it cares about civic expansion.
China has achieved stunning growth in its installed renewable capacity over the last two decades, far outpacing the rest of the world. But to end its continued dependence on fossil fuels, it must now move ahead with planned reforms to its national electricity system.
e360.yale.edu
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Clean energy generated a record-high 44% of China’s electricity in May 2024, pushing coal’s share down to a record low of 53%, despite continued growth in demand.
As I say, this competition is already over because they actually invested while we sat around making a culture war out of simple high school level science. It's one of the great displays of incredible incompetence by the West in recent times. We've literally given up trillions of pounds in future revenue to argue about the wind. A stunning display of arrogance.